What is the function of a catalytic converter in terms of emissions?

The function of a catalytic converter primarily involves the conversion of harmful gases produced during combustion into less harmful substances before they are emitted into the atmosphere. This is achieved through a series of chemical reactions facilitated by catalysts within the converter. The main gases targeted for reduction include carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and unburned hydrocarbons, which are filtered and transformed into carbon dioxide and nitrogen.

This process plays a crucial role in reducing the overall emissions of a vehicle, thus contributing to improved air quality and compliance with environmental regulations aimed at lowering pollution levels from automotive sources. The other options relate to vehicle performance but do not capture the core function of the catalytic converter in emissions control. For example, while enhancing fuel economy and maintaining engine temperature are important for overall vehicle performance and efficiency, they do not pertain directly to the catalytic converter's primary mission of reducing harmful vehicle emissions.